Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 

is a medical test that measures the amount of urea nitrogen found in blood. The liver produces urea in the urea cycle as a waste product of the digestion of protein. Normal human adult blood should contain 7 to 18 mg/dL (0.388 to 1 mmol/L) of urea nitrogen.[1] Individual laboratories may have different reference ranges, as they may use different assays.[2][3][4] The test is used to detect kidneyproblems. It is not considered as reliable as creatinine or BUN-to-creatinine ratio blood studies.[1]

EGFR

An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) test measures how well your kidneys filter waste and toxins from your blood. It's a blood test that uses your creatinine levels, age, weight, height, and sex to calculate your eGFR. A higher eGFR number usually indicates better kidney function. 

Here's what your eGFR results might mean:

• Normal: An eGFR of 90 or higher is considered normal.

• Early-stage kidney disease: An eGFR of 60–89 may indicate early-stage kidney disease.

• Kidney disease: An eGFR of 15–59 may indicate kidney disease.

• Kidney failure: An eGFR below 15 may indicate kidney failure. 

Albuminuria (proteinuria)

Albuminuria (sometimes referred to as proteinuria) is when you have albumin in your urine. Albumin is an important protein normally found in the blood that serves many roles in the body - building muscle, repairing tissue, and fighting infection. It is not usually found in the urine.

Healthy kidneys stop most of your albumin from getting through their filters and entering the urine. There should be very little or no albumin in your urine. If your kidneys are damaged, albumin can “leak” through their filters and into your urine.

Creatinine

Creatinine is a waste product that comes from the digestion of protein in your food and the normal breakdown of muscle tissue. It is removed from the blood through your kidneys. Everyone has some creatinine in their blood, but too much can be a sign of a possible kidney problem.

BUN-to-creatinine ratio

BUN-to-creatinine ratio is the ratio of the blood levels of urea(BUN) (mmol/L) and creatinine (Cr) (μmol/L). BUN only reflects the nitrogen content of urea (MW 28) and urea measurement reflects the whole of the molecule (MW 60), urea is just over twice BUN (60/28 = 2.14). In the United States, both quantities are given in mg/dL The ratio may be used to determine the cause of acute kidney injury or dehydration.

The principle behind this ratio is the fact that both urea (BUN) and creatinine are freely filtered by the glomerulus; however, urea reabsorbed by the renal tubules can be regulated (increased or decreased) whereas creatinine reabsorption remains the same (minimal reabsorption).

Bilirubin

Bilirubin is a yellow substance that the body produces when it breaks down red blood cells. It's a component of bile, a fluid that helps with digestion and is made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. 

Bilirubin is a metabolite of heme, an iron-containing coordination complex.The body has mechanisms to safely detoxify bilirubin, which can be potentially toxic. 

Bilirubin levels can be measured with a blood test, which can help with:Checking liver health, Diagnosing jaundice in newborns, Identifying blockages in the bile ducts, and Monitoring existing liver disorders or diseases. 

BLOOD TEST LIST

- [ ] Lipid Panel

- [ ] CMP

- [ ] CBC

BLOOD TEST LIST

BBB

OPTIONAL

- [ ] VITAMIN D,25-OH,TOTAL,IA: A vitamin D, 25-hydroxy, total, immunoassay (IA) is a test that measures the amount of vitamin D in your blood.

- [ ] Prothrombin / INR

- [ ] VITAMIN B12/FOLATE, SERUM PANEL

- [ ] TSH W/REFLEX TO FT4:  A TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) with reflex to free T4 test is a blood test that assesses thyroid function.